Wednesday, September 2, 2020

Cirrhosis – Liver Disease

Questions: What cause the cirrhosis (liver ailment) and why? Fundamentally talk about any social issues identified with the cirrhosis (liver malady, for example, - The social issues that may happen to the debilitated individual at home and at work e.g the capacity to work or the relationship with relatives, companions, or other. - The drawn out effects of drinking and smoking to human wellbeing. - The budgetary for legislatures of liquor and tobacco use? Answer: Presentation Liver Cirrhosis is the ailment where the sound liver tissue is supplanted by a scar tissue. This forestalls the ordinary working of the liver. The progression of blood through the liver is obstructed by the scar tissue. The liver can't play out the imperative elements of the body like digestion, creation of protein and blood coagulating factors are delivered less in the body. Ascites or liquid collection inside the mid-region is considered as the normal issue of cirrhosis. It is connected with poor life quality, expanded contamination hazard and poor proceeding with impact. Other related dangerous issues are discharge of esophageal varices and hepatic encephalopathy. The unparalleled choice left for the treatment of cutting edge cirrohis stages is a liver transplantation. Over the top utilization of liquor is viewed as one of the main considerations adding to liver cirrhosis (Better Health Channel, 2015). Reasons for Liver Cirrhosis The significant reasons for liver cirrhosis are hepatitis C, greasy liver and liquor misuse. The greasy liver can bring about liver cirrhosis which results because of corpulence and diabetes. Different reasons for liver cirrhosis incorporate incessant viral diseases for instance: hepatitis B, C and D. Blockage of the bile pipe can bring about liver cirrhosis. The blockage of the bile channel stops the progression of bile shaped in the liver to the digestive tract. Different reasons for liver cirrhosis are rehashed disappointment of the heart with the liquid support up into the liver. Acquired infections like cystic fibrosis or hemochromatosis bring about liver cirrhosis (Webmd.com, 2015). Hardly any acquired infections like cystic fibrosis, malady related with glycogen stockpiling, alpha 1 antitrypsin insufficiency are related with the reason for liver cirrhosis. In the event of glycogen stockpiling malady, human framework gets unable to use glycogen, which is a kind of sugar and is meant glucose. This fills in as the vitality hotspot for the human framework. Different causes are responses with physician endorsed drugs, stretched out presentation to natural poisons and parasitic disease. Long haul impacts of drinking and smoking to human wellbeing Unnecessary utilization of liquor harms the working of the liver. The liver cells are harmed by the unnecessary utilization of liquor. The liquor is separated by liver with the goal that it tends to be expelled from the body. The hurtful substances of the blood are expelled by liver. The liver can turn out to be unreasonably harmed in the event that one devours more liquor. It is hard for liver to process the liquor. Abundance and ceaseless utilization of liquor makes harm the liver. Drinking liquor for a long time can harm the liver cells and the liver gets unable to process the liquor. Anyway the measure of liquor utilization that causes liver cirrhosis can differ among individuals. A lady drinking a similar degree of liquor has higher danger of creating cirrhosis than a man. Youngsters are progressively inclined towards liver cirrhosis. Anyway liver cirrhosis can happen because of hereditary inclination of any injury identified with the liver. Smoking is once in a while viewed as the reason for liver cirrhosis. The elements of the liver are to a great extent influenced by the utilization of espresso. Inordinate utilization of espresso decreases the useful ability of the liver and results in liver cirrhosis. Utilization of espresso diminished the serum level of absolute protein and egg whites content. Anyway smoking brought about the ascent of the serum level of the body and diminished the egg whites level. Utilization of espresso and smoking and liquor drinking influences the typical working of the liver. An individual needs to embrace normal drugs so as to make due from the unfriendly impacts of liver harm (Nlm.nih.gov, 2015). Assurance against liver illness Cirrhosis of the liver can be ensured by lessening the admission of liquor to a significant degree. This won't diminish the typical working of the liver. One should check his way of life and food propensities so as to dodge the infection. Liver is considered as the second biggest organ in the human framework. It makes protein and creates bile to clear proteins and improve fats. In this manner, assurance against liver cirrhosis is a lot of noteworthy. Individual should devour less fructose, terminated and handled nourishments that contain hydrogenated oils and trans fats. Detoxification of framework is additionally significant on the grounds that liver assistance the human framework to process and evacuate unsafe substances by means of sweat, dung and pee. Detoxification assists with expanding and bolster regular procedure. Indications of the malady The signs of liver cirrhosis shift starting with one phase then onto the next. In the underlying stages no side effects might be available. Be that as it may, alongside the sickness movement indications may get observable. The indications of liver cirrhosis incorporate shortcoming of the body, loss of yearning, weakness, bothersome skin, liquid maintenance or edema, expanding in legs, midsection, lower legs, weight reduction, simple wounding, orange or tanish hued pee, blurred stools, character changes, bewilderment, disarray, fever and nearness of blood in stool. One can experience the ill effects of jaundice where the skin shading will change to yellow. Social issues identified with the ailment An individual influenced by liver cirrhosis won't have the option to lead a solid way of life. An intense degree of the illness will keep a person from working. The individual needs to remain under standard prescription. Liver cirrhosis can make an individual become debilitated and thus it is gotten hard for the individual to perform significant and profitable work action. On account of the disease the individual may feel feeble or reluctant to work in their own particular working environments. This can seriously influence the salary of the family and this condition can turn out to be most exceedingly awful if the influenced individual is the main working individual of the family. End Liver cirrhosis is serious. Be that as it may, now and again the treatment of liver cirrhosis can decrease the probability of the state of getting more awful. The treatment of liver cirrhosis is finished by rewarding the basic reason for liver harm. The treatment of hepatitis or viral contamination can build the life span of the individual experiencing the ailment. Aside from therapeutic treatment palliative consideration can likewise be offered to the influenced patients with the goal that the influenced people get remembered from the pressure, torment and genuine signs as a result of liver cirrhosis. The point of this kind of care is to adjust personal satisfaction of the influenced people and their relatives. References Better Health Channel, (2015).Liver ailment - cirrhosis - Better Health Channel. [online] Available at: https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/bhcv2/bhcarticles.nsf/pages/Liver_disease_cirrhosis?open [Accessed 21 Feb. 2015]. Nlm.nih.gov, (2015).Alcoholic liver ailment: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia. [online] Available at: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000281.htm [Accessed 21 Feb. 2015]. Webmd.com, (2015).Cirrhosis of the Liver Stages, Causes, Symptoms, Treatments. [online] Available at: https://www.webmd.com/stomach related disarranges/cirrhosis-liver [Accessed 21 Feb. 2015].

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Leadership Bachelor Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Authority Bachelor - Essay Example Be that as it may, ought to there be any omissions, which is the one to be accused If there are anomalies, which are those individuals capable Or which mind ought to conceptualize the arrangement so as to make progress How can the individuals inside the group with various assignments and interests be guided concerning their development and execution of plans In these cases, everything comes down to one individual-The Leader. We as a whole realize that a group is made out of numerous people, yet how significant is the pioneer in binding together these people and to make the required progress of an undertaking or certain venture Pioneer is characterized as the one composes or is accountable for the gathering or something that leads or aides others (allwords.com 1). In layman's term he is the person who is responsible for the group, the leading figure essentially. How imperative is the presentation of the pioneer so as to acquire the ideal yield Up to what degree does the pioneer takes over particularly in the event that the person in question drives the group. These are just a portion of the inquiries that are deprived to be replied with the end goal for us to know the significance of a pioneer on a specific group. It is a typical undertone that when the word group is utilized, it has something to do with sports. Maybe, let us likewise investigate this field. In practically the entirety of the group activity, there are pioneers in and off the playing court. A mentor maybe can be considered as pioneer as he is the person who makes and initiates his framework with respect to the presentation of his players in every single game. The quarterback in American football, point watch in ball, libero in volleyball and plug in football. All have various assignments however has a similar effect and significance in the group. They lead the group in scoring and in protection. It is additionally said that they can make or unmake the group, so what's with these pioneers that the entire group relies upon them It is said that an association paying little heed to its inclination whether it is a business, ideological group, union and whatnot is a type of group. They all have pioneers. By and large, the pioneers are the ones whom they admire whether they are into the pinnacle of the achievement or into the harshness of annihilation. A group is characterized as a gathering of individuals taking a shot at a shared objective, with various errand and reliant with one another. This implies a specific group can't prevail by an exertion of an individual but instead an exertion of various people with a shared objective; they are joined with a main thrust. In any case, their endeavors will nearly be close to inutile, if nobody will act to be the head or the pioneer of that group. Principally, the principle worry of the group head is to guarantee that the group's arrangement so as to succeed is appropriately executed. Cap pioneer should likewise know the qualities and shortcomings of every single individual part so as to guarantee that the labor that is appointed to perform explicit errand can convey the merchandise. The pioneer should likewise be a decent devotee like the well-known adage with respect to the pioneers. They ought to consistently observe the principles that the group has endorsed for its individuals. With every one of these realities laid, it generally comes down to one inquiry. How significant is initiative to a group Does it have an effect in a group considering a group is involved numerous people At times authority in group especially in association is

Book Review of A National Party No More

The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat by Zell Miller In A National Party No More Senator Zell Miller composes a true to life book that is something of a journal of his political life as a long lasting Democrat and just as being a castigation against the Democratic Party. In 2002 the Democratic Senator Paul Coverdell from Georgia passed on out of nowhere and the Georgia Governor Roy Barnes asked Zell Miller to fill in until November of that year and afterward to run for the situation to serve the time staying in the late congressperson's term of office. At the point when Miller went to Washington D.C. he asserts that he had trusted that he would see Washington as â€Å"the place where extraordinary issues of the day are discussed and tackled, and incredible goliaths walk those consecrated halls.† Instead he found what Washington D.C. was not in the slightest degree like he had trusted and this irritated him â€Å"on sake of Americans† (Miller 8). In his vocation Miller has served the State of Georgia as a director of various â€Å"vital organizations, as a colleague to two governors, as leader of the State Democratic Party, as Lieutenant Governor, and afterward as Governor† (Miller presentation no page number). He additionally served in the Georgia State Senate from 1965-1969. He flopped in his endeavors to run for the U.S. Place of Representatives from Georgia. What's more Miller served in the U.S. Marine Corps and has instructed at four unique universities. It is significant that most of these positions are official positions not authoritative positions so filling in as Georgia's United States Senator put him into a generally obscure type of government where he needed broad experience and none on the national level. It shows up to some degree ambiguous that a marine would be a long lasting Democrat since military staff right now will in general lean toward the Republican Party. In spite of the fact that Miller served just three years in the Corps obviously his encounters influenced him enormously on the grounds that he has composed a book Corp Values: Everything You Need to Know I Learned in the Marines.† Mill operator's book was occasioned by his encounters in the U.S. Senate starting in 2000, in mix with his propelled age. Mill operator was conceived in 1932 concurring the opposite side of the cover sheet. The book was distributed in 2003 so Miller was 70 or 71 at the time his book was distributed. This is absolutely not an issue of itself, however one miracles if Miller would make similar cases he had entered a similar Senate at forty years old or fifty. Mill operator implies this when he composes that he has â€Å"arrived at a station in life where I hear the whistle of that ethical police officer we as a whole need to reply to . . .† (Miller 1). He takes the event to inform â€Å"members regarding my Democratic Party and different government officials who are so out of sight contact with normal Americans to ‘shape up'† (Miller 2). This position, implicitly expect he is right while other gathering individuals who can't help contradicting him are incorrect, is emphatically suggestive of an old man of his word near the precarious edge of retirement who hops on a soapbox to â€Å"straighten out† the people to come. This isn't to state Miller doesn't make some valid statements, he simply doesn't demonstrate them nor give the peruser adequate data to decide whether Mill is right. The book endures fundamentally in light of the fact that it has no notes, no catalog and no file. Thusly the peruser has no chance to check either the announcements Miller makes as being either obvious or bogus. A considerable lot of his cases are upheld by narrative proof dependent on his memory of what occurred all through his vocation. Mill operator calls himself a Conservative Democrat, a bizarre assignment, yet not a nonsensical one. Regardless of this he is known to have been a supporter of President George W. Shrub and reported in 2003 that he would bolster the Presidents re-appointment. He talked at the Republican National Convention in 2004 on the side of the President. Such activities scarcely demonstrate a deep rooted Democrat. Mill operator condemns the Democrat Party in light of the fact that the pioneers, he asserts, have overlooked the assessments of Conservative Democrats in the South, around 33% of the U.S. populace, and have advised them to â€Å"go to hell† (Miller 9). He seems to accept that all Democrats in the South are Conservative Democrats since he is one and that they all concur with him. He neglects to specify the non-moderate Democrats in the South and appears to accept there are none. Mill operator finishes up the Democrat initiative can't help contradicting Southern Democrats on the basic issues of â€Å"capital discipline, late-term premature birth (even with a great deal of ace decision individuals), attempting adolescents as grown-ups, national protection, and the educating of qualities in school† (Miller 3). Mill operator's thinking procedure is suspect for an assortment of reasons. To begin with, it isn't evident that these are the basic issues, at any rate on a national level. The death penalty has been surrendered over to the states and ought not be viewed as a national issue, as are fetus removal laws as long as laws don't limit a lady's entitlement to control of her own body. Attempting of adolescents as a grown-up doesn't appear to be a national issue either nor should it be. The present framework presumes adolescents won't be attempted as grown-ups except if there are critical abrogating purposes behind doing as such. The choice of where to attempt an adolescent is decided dependent upon the situation which is as it ought to be. To the extent the instructing of qualities as a national issue, it is obviously a significant issue that effects individuals all through the nation, yet the Federal Government has no premise to figure out what esteems ought to be educated. Mill operator appears to have totally overlooked the Tenth Amendment to the Constitution that stores to the states any forces not appointed to the government and not precluded to the states will be a state power. It is clear that a significant number of these basic issues are state issues. National resistance obviously is a national issue, yet government burdens, the shortage, Medicare, and Social Security benefits are too, yet Miller doesn't make reference to these issues. Mill operator's has a meandering aimlessly and folksy composing style that slips from story to story and slides from point to point in a confused manner that resists straight examination. He picks his tales by singling out stories that will fortify his position regardless of whether they are not identified with the Democratic Party; on page 145 Miller cites The Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam, Winston Churchill, and Rodney King on the same wavelength on the side of a section qualified â€Å"Give for Bigotry No Sanction.† Certainly a case can be made for refering to Rodney King, yet the other two sources were unmistakably not written on the side of social liberties in the United States. Amazingly Miller concedes botches he has made during his vocation. He calls attention to that during 1964 he had â€Å"proclaimed that there ought to be a ‘investigation of Communist penetration in the social liberties development.' What an idiot!† (Miller 143). This is astoundingly reviving given the present atmosphere of government officials who reliably shroud what they have done and deny they have done it until they are demonstrated to have done it when they will concede and request pardoning. Then again this makes one wonder as to exactly how much confidence one should put in the works of a self-broadcasted bonehead. Mill operator asserts that the Democratic Party no longer speaks to most of Americans and has gotten unmistakably excessively liberal corresponding to the United States' populace overall. This is a fascinating position. Mill operator doesn't guarantee the initiative isn't right on issues, only that they can't help contradicting Southern Conservative Democrats, for example, himself. This leaves the chance open that the authority is right and the enrollment isn't right, however Miller neglects to take into account this chance. On the off chance that this ends up being the situation, apparently Miller is pushing that the Democratic Party concern itself, not with the right arrangement, however with picking up power once more. A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat is to a great extent not fruitful. His decision has merit however his treatment of the issues is mediocre. The absence of references is a significant shortcoming that could be effectively adjusted. Mill operator's inability to move in a direct, consistent design for utilizing an incoherent, verbose style extraordinarily diminishes the adequacy of Miller's composition. As opposed to being the scorching arraignment he wants to give that will support the Democratic Party, Miller's book feels progressively like a goodbye by a legislator whose gathering has developed while he has not. His melancholy and fate forecasts for the Democratic Party made in 2004 demonstrated him off base since the Democratic by and by picked up the lion's share in the two houses. In spite of the fact that Miller makes some fascinating focuses that have legitimacy, his book ought to be perused with meticulousness. Works Cited Barnes, Fred. â€Å"Zell Miller Endorses Bush.† 29 Nov. 2003. The Daily Standard. 20 April 2007. Mill operator, Zell. A National Party No More: The Conscience of a Conservative Democrat. Atlanta: Stroud and Hall Publishing, 2003. â€Å"Text Of Zell Miller's RNC Speech.†Ã¢ 01 September 2004. CBS News. 20 April 2007â ;http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2004/09/01/governmental issues/ main640299.shtml;.

Friday, August 21, 2020

Elections of 1912

Paper Vietnam War and Story Paper Vietnam War and Story Rethinking Truth in Tim O’Brien’s The Things They Carried By: Rose Monahan May 2011 The Pennsylvania State University In a meeting with Tobey C. Herzog, Tim O’Brien talked about the benefits of truth by saying, â€Å"You need to comprehend about existence itself. There is a reality as we live it; there is a fact as we tell it. Those two are not perfect constantly. There are times when the story truth can be more genuine, I think, than an incident truth† (120). Numerous abstract researchers have battled with the â€Å"truth† in one of O’Brien’s most well known works, The Things They Carried, an assortment of twenty-two stories on the Vietnam War that remain solitary similarly as firmly as they integrate. In spite of the fact that O’Brien is a Vietnam War veteran, reluctantly drafted in 1968 and serving until 1970, he purposively fictionalizes the war understanding all through The Things They Carried while at the same time demanding that the substance of the work is valid, an idea that numerous researchers question. Coaxing out which encounters O’Brien portrays are valid, which are fables, and which are creative mind would be a close to unimaginable undertaking in light of the fact that a significant number of the stories blend. Or maybe, the significance of O’Brien’s work is his work of metafiction account as a delegate vehicle for the Vietnam War. Innumerable war stories have been distributed, especially on the Vietnam War, and the effect or impact of these works significantly relies upon the scholarly type picked to let them know. Albeit numerous critics1 have remarked on O’Brien’s reevaluation of â€Å"truth,† the need of metafiction to set up a reevaluation still can't seem to be enough investigated. In this paper, I will talk about the utilization of metafiction and its definitive achievement rethinking what is â€Å"true†-inside O’Brien’s Vietnam War story, The Things They Carried. To start, the meaning of metafiction must be thought of. Patricia Waugh, thought about a main master on postmodernist writing, has written in her work Metafiction: the Theory and Practice of Self-Conscious Fiction, â€Å"Metafiction is a term given to anecdotal composing which hesitantly and efficiently causes to notice its status as an antiquity so as to suggest conversation starters about the connection among fiction and reality† (2). Journalists of metafiction, for example, O’Brien, transparently think about the connection among fiction and diary, regularly doubting memory to precisely delineate an occasion. While the creator draws on numerous verifiable occasions or subtleties, a significant part of the work is likewise absolutely developed, and the creator will honestly express that the work isn't correct. For instance, The Things They Carried contains the admonition, â€Å"This is a work of fiction. With the exception of a couple of insights about the author’s own life, all the episodes, names, and characters are imaginary.† Yet, the genuine components summon the sentiment of a personal history, journal, or other sort of true to life. For example, the focal character and storyteller of The Things They Carried is named Tim O’Brien (like the writer), is a Vietnam War veteran in his late forties who is presently an essayist (like the writer), and has distributed the book Going After Cacciato (additionally, similar to the writer). These are unmistakably more than â€Å"a few details.† The qualification between Tim O’Brien, the individual, and Tim O’Brien, the character, is hard for the peruser to adjust, and at last, brings up the issue of what is fiction and what is reality. As the peruser endeavors to unravel the interweaved connection among fiction and true to life, the writer of a metafiction will remark on the composition of the piece. On account of O’Brien, his remarks remind the peruser that his accounts are designed. For instance, b efore unveiling into a frightful story of an officer gradually murdering a child water wild ox, O’Brien composes, â€Å"This one does it for me. I’ve told it beforemany times, numerous versionsbut here’s what really happened† (78). By conceding that the story has been told in a few different ways, O’Brien is conceding the story has been fictionalized. Indeed

The Bribery Scandal at Siemens AG Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Bribery Scandal at Siemens AG - Case Study Example The act of pay off is seen invaluable to parties required since it empowers them get business gains without satisfying anticipated guidelines, creating relationship with outside authorities or being supported by potential clients. In different occasions, they can likewise profits by decrease of the payouts included, along these lines coming about to expanded gainfulness for the organization. Different advantages got by these organizations from the act of pay off are, for example, opportunity cost since cash offered as a pay off in not viewed as in profitable use. Siemens AG was associated with an instance of defilement that included pay off in 2006 and 2007, whereby this embarrassment included company’s representatives, who had built up slush support implied for encouraging obtaining of agreements. For example, Siemens chiefs were indicted for stealing organization reserves adding up to 6,000,000 pounds so as to pay off remote authorities to obtain an agreement including petro leum gas turbine (Akana, 1). Be that as it may, the view of the officials towards this case was that engaging in pay off training was justified, despite all the trouble, since the representatives were eager to violate the law so as to accumulate colossal benefits. Different representatives contended that this demonstration was not an infringement of any laws since it didn't result to any close to home addition; rather, it was planned for improving Siemens’ situating system. Regardless, their thoughts were not sane since overstepping the law can never be for the correct reason; in this way, in spite of, concentrating on the advantages that to be gotten from training of pay off for the Company. Question number 2: Was the Board directly in not expanding Kleinfeld’s term despite the fact that he had performed well and was not by and by involved and clarify? What idealistic or potentially prudent practices did he appear with perceptible realities? Choice of board whereby th ey neglected to expand Kleinfeld’s term can be viewed as close to home because of absence of levelheaded explanation related with the pay off outrage. This judgment is made dependent on contemplations of the difficulties that Kleinfeld was confronted with as the CEO ready to safeguard the organization from the pay off embarrassment so as to continue their development. Then again, Kleinfeld had picked up certainty on issues, for example, work and the board in the Siemens AG. In addition, there is have to comprehend that the outrage brought about by pay off training was not so much Kleinfeld’s shortcoming; actually, representatives were the once associated with the training. The whole organization ought to have assumed the fault; rather than laying the entire weight on the CEO. The board ought to have thought about that commitment into these practices was because of the impact expanding rivalry among organizations, consequently these unlawful installments planned for win ning worldwide agreement was the main choice for these workers in the developing economies. Moreover, Kleinfeld was not straightforwardly embroiled in the outrage; consequently, by the way that he was liable for practices of the workers, this case was out of his control. Actually, Kleinfeld was ignorant of the unlawful practices that workers were taking part in inside the organization. Likewise, the act of pay off was difficult to see since there was shared trait of spending reserves adding up to 400 and twenty million and they were unnoticeable or certain (Akana, 1). Kleinfeld’

Tuesday, June 30, 2020

Simple English Worksheets for Kids Perfect for Students As Well

Simple English Worksheets for Kids Perfect for Students As Well There are many English teachers all over the world. Some teach English to students in English-speaking countries, but some teach it as a second language in non-English speaking countries. Training non-native students requires using as many tools as possible to provide interactive process. It may sound funny, but almost all English worksheets for kids will be perfect for students as well, especially for those ones, who are poor at English. Flash Cards These are basic language tools, and they can be used to teach kids as young as 4 and 5 and adults that cannot speak a word in English. In spite of the fact that adults learn faster, you still require heaps of silly games with the cards to practice the material. Pictures and words. Hard to beat. Bingo We all think of Bingo as being a gambling game played by adults, but in fact, Bingo is a very popular English teaching game that has as many variations as you can think up. In this game, there is usually a winner, and that sharpens the interest of the learners. It helps to recognize the words while the spelling is priceless. You can be sure that everyone knows what Bingo means. You can create these worksheets on your own either download them from the Internet and introduce such an activity as a part of the current lesson to revise recently learned words. Who Wants to Be a Millionaire While this was originally introduced as a computer game, it can also be presented as an English worksheet that has questions a team must answer. You can mix this game up with English grammar and general knowledge. Questions that are about the students’ countries are very popular. Using Monopoly money will add a touch of realism to the game. Put the Words in Place This game helps students construct sentences using the correct grammar tenses. The most common word usage involves mixing in a few plurals with the correct pronoun. This was originally a kid’s game but is also a great learning tool for adults as you can make the sentences more complex. Talking about a Picture This is another great game for both kid and adults as well. After lessons on vocabulary and grammar, it’s a good idea to make an interactive lesson where the students describe what they see in the picture. The picture is so constructed to revise the vocabulary. Constructing the sentence correctly, forms such a lesson practical. Concentration This game has moved towards a new level by introducing magnetic cards that stuck to the whiteboard. For kids, 12 cards are the maximum that is 6 matches. For older students, it would go as high as 24 cards. You can have the match with either a picture or a word, as two words or as an associated word. The degree of difficulty depends on the English level of the class. Students love playing games, and it’s amazing to see what lengths ESL teachers will go just to give the students a challenge as well as an enjoyable way to learn.

Wednesday, May 27, 2020

Service to School Helping Vets get Admitted to Top Programs

document.createElement('audio'); https://media.blubrry.com/admissions_straight_talk/p/www.accepted.com/IV_with_gus_giacoman.mp3Podcast: Play in new window | Download | EmbedSubscribe: Apple Podcasts | Android | Google Podcasts | Stitcher | TuneIn | SpotifyWest Point grad. Iraq war vet. NYU Stern MBA. Engagement Manager and Senior Associate at Strategy. Co-founder of Service to School. Gus Giacoman, our guest this week, is a fascinating individual, dedicated to helping vets get into schools of all kinds – everything from community colleges to law school, business school and diverse graduate programs. Tune in to our conversation with the highly accomplished and tireless Gus for the low-down on how he helps vets get into school, advice for vets and other MBA applicants, as well as tips for future management consultants. Oh, and he tells some great stories. 00:02:38 – Service to School: Networking and guidance for veterans headed to college and grad school. 00:05:55 – The revenue model (you can’t charge family, right?). 00:06:55 – A breakdown of where Service to School applicants are applying. 00:10:28 – What success looks like (How about 3 Wharton/HBS admits!). 00:12:29 – Business school as the path returning vets to civilian life. 00:17:33 – The advantages and challenges of being a veteran in b-school and consulting. 00:21:41 – Why NYU Stern? And why consulting? 00:25:49 – The best skills for a future consultant to cultivate. 00:27:30 – 3 things Gus looks for in choosing a consultant for his team. 00:28:57 – What a college grad should do pre-MBA to prepare for a career in consulting. 00:33:01 – A great piece of advice for b-school applicants. *Theme music is courtesy of podcastthemes.com. Related Links: †¢Ã‚  Service to School   †¢ Service to School on Twitter   †¢ Service To School: Helping Veterans Get Into Top Schools Related Shows: †¢Ã‚  Breaking Some HBS Stereotypes: An Interview with Ben Faw †¢Ã‚  How to Become a Management Consultant †¢Ã‚  Case Interview Secrets and More with Victor Cheng Leave a Review for Admissions Straight Talk:

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

The Impact Of Travel Agency Executives May Decide If They...

may positively impact business. Travel agency executives may decide if they need to adopt new technology into business models, if they want to survive in the industry. Role of the Researcher Researchers who perform qualitative case studies have many responsibilities. As a researcher, your roles should include: (1) collecting data, (2) defining methods of data collection, (3) analyzing data, and (4) presenting data results objectively and ethically (Swaratsingh, 2015). The criteria for assessing the quality of case-study research involves: credibility, dependability, confirmability and transferability (Houghton, Casey, Shaw, Murphy, 2013). The researcher serves as an instrument in the data collection process (Pezalla, Pettigrew, Miller-Day, 2012). As a researcher, I will develop a list of questions and conduct semi-structured, open-ended interview sessions with the participants (Houghton, Casey, Shaw, Murphy, 2013). My role as the researcher for this qualitative case study will entail selecting participants, organizing the interview meetings, conducting interviews, collecting data using the protocol, analyzing and validating the data, and writing a summary report of the research problem and recommendations. I do not have any relationship with the study topic or participants. The research topic was chosen because there is a knowledge and information gap on E-commerce information technology adoption in the travel industry, which is needed if retail travelShow MoreRelatedThe Statement Of The Leadership Team1555 Words   |  7 PagesTarget Search Selection, and highlight a few of the driving forces behind us being compelling advisors to competitive organisations. ‘Competitive’ doesn’t only equate to large and enterprise businesses, we pay special attention to niche and smaller business equally motivated to disrupt. Talent Management now has a proverbial seat at the boardroom table; Leadership bench strength - or the lack thereof - is reflective in bottom line earnings; Leaders in development programs are not as engaged as initiallyRead MoreE Commerce. Impact of Internet for the airline industry.4092 Words   |  17 PagesExecutive Summary Aviation and air services industry is a large, competitive, and challenging industry, characterised by high capital and labour requirement, together with customer participation during transactions hence service fulfilment. Providing great reach and the potential for rich interaction, the internet is a natural medium for travel transactions. Airlines are turning to e-commerce to keep business flying, and the reason they are focusing on selling tickets through their Web sites isRead MorePlanning Techniques1722 Words   |  7 PagesForces Model Value Chain Analysis Internet Value Matrix Linkage Analysis Planning Scenario Planning STAGES OF GROWTH ï‚ ¢ CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS 1977 Jack Rockart, Center for Information Systems Research (CISR), Sloan School of Management, MIT ï‚ ¢ A method for defining executive information systems needs ï‚ ¢ Focuses on individual managers and their current information system needs ï‚ ¢ ï‚ ¢ It was observed that organizations go through 4 stages in the introduction and assimilation of a new technology: Read MoreNetw600 Capstone Paper4944 Words   |  20 PagesNETW600 Telecommunications Capstone Table of Contents Executive Summary 3 Project Background 3 Industry 3 Trends and Projections 4 Competition 5 Strength 5 Weakness 5 Opportunity 5 Threats 5 Problem and Definition 6 Problem 1: Infrastructure 6 Problem 1.1 Cabling 6 Problem 1.2 Disaster Recovery 6 Problem 1.3 Equipment Life Cycles 6 Problem 2: Security 7 Problem 3: No Internal VoIP 7 Problem 4: Inability to Switch to Telecommute Employees 7 Project Overview 8 Read MoreU.S Car Rental Industry2605 Words   |  11 PagesContents Executive Summary 3 Introduction 4 Current Overview of Industry 4 Political, Economical, Social-Cultural, Technological, Legal and Environmental (PESTLE Analysis) 5 Political 5 Economical 5 Social –Cultural 5 Technological 6 Legal 6 Environmental 6 Porters 5 Forces Model 7 Threat of Substitutes 7 Bargaining Power of Suppliers 7 Competitive Rivalry 7 Bargaining Power of Buyers 7 New Entrants 8 Conclusion 8 Bibliography 9-10 Appendices 11-13 Executive Summary Read MoreEssay on Restructuring the Marketing Function for Greater Efficiency8864 Words   |  36 PagesRestructuring the Marketing Function for Greater Efficiency Word count: 5,910 Table of Contents Table of Contents 2 Executive Summary 4 Task 1 5 Identify the key challenges and issues that changes in the marketing environment pose for both the relationships within the marketing department and those with other departments. 5 Evaluate the effect of these relationships on marketing performance and so identify the implications for the current marketing team structure 5 Economic instabilityRead MoreData Mining in Homeland Security4641 Words   |  19 Pagesprimarily involves searching through vast amounts of data to spot useful, but initially undiscovered, patterns. The data mining process typically involves three major stepsÂâ€"exploration, model building and validation and finally, deployment. Data mining is used in numerous applications, particularly business related endeavors such as market segmentation, customer churn, fraud detection, direct marketing, interactive marketing, market basket analysis and trend analysis. However, since the 1993Read MoreBioscope: A New Generation of Advertising2791 Words   |  11 PagesBISCOPE: A NEW GENERATION OF ADVERTISING PR PLAN FOR THE LAUNCH OF BISCOPE CONTENTS PAGE Executive Summary Background to the Brief Situation Analysis Macro-enviromental issues Review of the organization and product Key stakeholders and publics Stratgy: Aims ond objectives Key messages Strategic approach and timescale Campaign tactics Pre-Launch : May to September 2014 The Launch itself : October and Noveber 2014Read MoreBusiness Plan12716 Words   |  51 PagesBusiness Plan Analysis Simulation: PEGASUS TRAVEL (Pegasus Travel is not technically a business plan but rather a Business Plan Analysis Simulation. The plan is based on an undergraduate project idea and a significant amount of additional research and written input from the authors. While the case contains enough depth to warrant a robust discussion on the Pegasus strategy and future direction as a bona fide business, the real objective is to aid the students in more effectively completing theirRead MoreMidterm for Information System3684 Words   |  15 PagesQUESTIONS 1) Developing a new product, fulfilling an order, and hiring a new employee are examples of business processes. Answer: True False 2) A fully digital firm produces only digital goods or services. Answer: True False 3) A business model describes how a company produces, delivers, and sells a product or service to create wealth. Answer: True False 4) Information technology (IT) consists of all the hardware that a firm needs to use in order to achieve

Saturday, May 16, 2020

Hurricane Etymology and Word Facts

The word hurricane is widely known and recognized, but its etymology is lesser-known. Named for Mayan God The English word hurricane comes from the Taino (the indigenous people of the Caribbean and Florida) word Huricà ¡n, who was the Carib Indian god of evil. Their Huricà ¡n was derived from the  Mayan god of wind, storm, and fire, Huracà ¡n. When the Spanish explorers passed through the Caribbean, they picked it up and it turned into huracà ¡n, which remains the Spanish word for hurricane today.  By the 16th century, the word was  modified once again  to our present-day hurricane.   (Hurricane isnt the only weather word with roots in the Spanish language. The word tornado is an altered form of the Spanish words tronado, which means thunderstorm, and tornar, to turn.)  Ã‚  Ã‚   Not Hurricanes Until 74  mph We tend to call any swirling storm in the tropical ocean a hurricane, but this isnt true. Only when a tropical cyclones maximum sustained winds reach 74  mph or more do meteorologists classify it as a hurricane.  Ã‚   Not Called Hurricanes Everywhere Tropical cyclones have different titles depending on where in the world they are located. Mature tropical cyclones  with winds of 74 mph or more that exist anywhere in the North Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean Sea, Gulf of Mexico, or in the eastern or central North Pacific Ocean east of the International Date Line are called hurricanes. Mature tropical cyclones that form in the Northwest Pacific basin—the  western part of the North Pacific Ocean, between 180 °Ã‚  (the International Date Line)  and 100 ° East longitude are called typhoons.  Such tempests  within the North  Indian Ocean  between 100 ° E and 45 ° E are simply called  cyclones. Names for Tracking Since storms can last for weeks and more than one storm can occur at once in the same body of water, theyre given male and female  names to reduce confusion about which storm forecasters are communicating about to the public. In the early 1800s, storms originally were named for a Saints Day when it occurred. Australian meteorologist Clement Wragge reportedly gave womens names to tropical storms in the late 1800s. U.S. military meteorologists followed the same practice in the Pacific Ocean during World War II, and the United States formally adopted it in 1953 after first considering a phonetic alphabet: Able, Baker, Charlie. In 1978, mens names began to be used, and now male and female names are alternated. The World Meteorological Organization has established a rotating list of six years worth of names, thus repeating every seven years. Names are retired, however, when a storm causes massive loss of life or property damage since bringing back the name would cause painful memories for those affected. Named for People They Impact Many storm names are unique to the basin they exist in and regions they impact. This is because names are lifted from those popular in the nations and territories of the lands within that basin. For example, tropical cyclones in the northwest Pacific (near China, Japan, and the Philippines) receive names common to the Asian culture as well as names taken from those of flowers and trees.  Ã‚   Updated by Tiffany Means Source Tropical Cyclone Naming History and Retired Names

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Informative Speech Outline Essay - 812 Words

Alissa Jarrar Informative Speech Prof. Dorsey 3/15 Topic: Dubai General Purpose: Tourism Specific Purpose: Attractions, Malls and Hotels I. Introduction A. Attention Getter- Who has ever been to New York City? Who has ever been to Las Vegas? Who has ever been to Miami? Who has ever seen pictures of these places? What if I told you there was another place just like all these places on the other side of the world. Does anyone know of the city of Dubai? It is exactly like New York City, Las Vegas and Miami in one. Dubai’s city is amazing. B. Thesis- Today I would like to inform you about some of the amazing places and things Dubai’s city has, such as their main attractions, malls and astonishing hotels. In a 2006 times†¦show more content†¦III. Malls A. Diera City Centre 1. One of oldest malls 2. Over 300 shops B. Mall of Emirates 1.Ski Dubai 2. Aquarium C. Dubai Mall 1. Biggest mall in the world 2. Over 1200 shops D. Dragon Mart 1. Shaped as a dragon 2. Major flea market Transition: I’ve told you about some attractions and the malls, Finally, I’m going to tell you about the hotels in Dubai and also some major possible future hotel projects. IV. Hotels In the article â€Å"Dubai continues growth as a tourism hotspot† out of the Travel and Tourism News, October 2010 addition states Dubai â€Å"has achieved significant growth in terms of hotel occupancy and tourism arrivals in the first half of 2010, with the number of hotel guests reaching 4,181,326 a nine per cent increase from 3,852,742 guests in the first half of 2009.† A. Burj Al Arab 1. Luxury hotel was opened in 1999. 2. The 4th tallest hotel in the world, it stands 321 meters high and is located on a separate artificial island. Built like a sail 3. At night, the hotel’s exterior is lit by a choreographed show of colors that change every half hour. 4. Huge aquariums, dancing fountains 5. Tiger woods hit golf ball off helicopter pad B. Atlantis 1. This luxury resort is situated on 113 acres, and is considered an architectural wonder 2. Prime location, on the crescent of The Palm Jumeirah, known as the 8th Wonder of the World. 3. This resort features â€Å"Aquaventure† – aShow MoreRelatedInformative Speech Outline802 Words   |  4 PagesInformative Speech Outline I. Introduction A. Thanks 1. Thanks professor Tuckerman for the introduction. B. Salutation 1. Good afternoon ladies and gentlemen. C. Ethos 1. What increases heart rate, causes sleep disturbance, makes people cry, act violent, makes some people sleep more and causes untold aches and pains? It s Wednesday! Six hours of homework to do, babysit the little sister, feed the dog, cut the grass, oh and lets not forget your boyfriend is being a jerkRead MoreInformative Speech Outline1598 Words   |  7 PagesSamantha Audiffred Honors Comm 110 Marieke Spiegelhoff Informative Speech Outline 25 February 2015 Audience Analysis ( ½ page)   Ã‚  Ã‚   The target audience for the informative speech is the honors communication 110 class and the professor. The class makeup is eight males and twelve females for the 20 students. This is a required course for all students attending UW-Whitewater; therefore, the majors and interests of the students will vary greatly. After an activity polling the class, the most popular ofRead MoreInformative Speech Outline2182 Words   |  9 Pageswithout stating to whom these ideas or statements belong to. A student suspected of plagiarism can be given a zero mark, and possibly fail the entire course. Assessment: Impromptu speech 10% Informative speech (15% speech, 5% outline) 20% Show and Tell Poster Session (10% speech, 10% poster) 20% Assignment : Group Interaction 10% Final Examination 40% __________________________________________________________________ Total 100% Read MoreInformative Speech : Speech Outline937 Words   |  4 PagesEmily Murray Informative Speech Outline General Purpose: To Inform Specific Purpose: To inform my audience how Communication Technology is now the face to face human communication; instant, easily accessible and more convenient but you lose a sense of warmth and meaning when all your communication is conducted electronically. Central idea: Humans have always communicated face-to-face and the use of technology poses cognitive obstacles to communication. The lack of human presence during technology-mediatedRead MoreOutline Informative Speech1491 Words   |  6 PagesNAME : Syifa Fadhilah Hamid CLASS : 12 DBM SUBJECT : Outline Informative Speech SPECIFIC PURPOSE : to inform my audience about Deja Vu CENTRAL IDEA : to inform my audience about the theory of Deja Vu. Including what, how and the effect about Deja Vu . INTODUCTION: Attention Getter : I can’t remember any things well while I thought something happened to me, I feel like I ever seen something but I don’t know when it was or where it was. And I also feel like I’ve been somewhere but I don’tRead MoreInformative Speech : Speech Outline1006 Words   |  5 PagesInformative Speech Final Draft Outline I. Introduction A. Attention getter: How many you have ever had a car accident or someone you care about had a car accident? B. Background and Audience Relevance: According to National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, in 2015, about thirty-five hundred people were killed, and four hundred thousand were injured in car crashes. Oral Citation 1: NHTSA, govt website, 2015. C. Speaker credibility: Many of my close family members have been in car accidentsRead MoreOutline Informative Speech1502 Words   |  7 PagesNAME : Syifa Fadhilah Hamid CLASS : 12 DBM SUBJECT : Outline Informative Speech SPECIFIC PURPOSE : to inform my audience about Deja Vu CENTRAL IDEA : to inform my audience about the theory of Deja Vu. Including what, how and the effect about Deja Vu . INTODUCTION: Attention Getter : I can’t remember any things well while I thought something happened to me, I feel like I ever seen something but I don’t know when it was or where it was. And I also feel like I’ve been somewhere but I don’t know whenRead MoreInformative Speech : Speech Outline1066 Words   |  5 PagesInformative Speech Outline I. Introduction a. Attention Material a. Raise your hand if you have or are currently working retail. b. According to Quentin Fottrell, from Market Watch, â€Å"Nearly 4 out of 5 U.S. students†¦ work while in school.† b. Tie to Audience a. Many of you have most likely experienced working retail or know someone who has. c. Credibility a. I recently worked 9 months in Bath and Body Works, so I am well aware of all of the horrors of working in retail. d. Thesis a. Working inRead MoreInformative Speech Outline1175 Words   |  5 PagesInformative Speech Outline Speech 131 Author’s Note: This research is being submitted for Title: Taxes Made Easy! Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about how to use the 1040EZ tax form. Central Idea: Today, I hope to make tax season easier for you by demonstrating to you how easy it is to fill out and file the 1040EZ income tax form, if you qualify. Introduction Stanton Delaplane once joked about the IRS, saying he heard it had suggested a simplified tax form with onlyRead MoreInformative Speech Outline1104 Words   |  5 PagesBCOM-3950 October 21, 2015 Informative speech outline Specific Purpose: To inform the audience how to enhance credibility when making conversation at work-related social events. Central Idea: To inform my classmates how to enhance credibility when making conversation at work-related social event by engaging in a conversation, being honesty, and keep confidences. Introduction: I. Today I would like to inform you on how to enhance your credibility when making conversation at work-related

Personal Statement Early Childhood Education - 871 Words

I want to become someone who teaches, an educator, a role model, a teacher. I want to help children in their early childhood education. I want to become a teacher because teachers play a very big role in children’s lives. Not only do they serve as educators, but for many kids, the classroom is where they feel the safest. They feel welcomed and at home. For these certain kids it is their one place of stability where they are always guaranteed to be loved and get fed and to have fun. I enjoy watching kids grow and helping them develop their learning skills. Every kid needs a good education and I want to be the one giving them that good education. I want to make a difference in their lives and prepare them for the road ahead. Personally, I aspire to teach the little ones. I believe that early childhood education is what I would enjoy best. Starting them off with a good foundation is always key in order for them to reach the next level. Now being said, because they are younger they will want to be active. From experience, I know little kids have short attention spans and tend to be very hyper. Because of this I will want to keep them moving around and I will not have them sit in their desks all day every day. I know that teaching can be a hard and frustrating job. I know that sometimes the odds might feel stacked against you, with kids not always obeying or if the class is not preforming well on tests you thought they were well prepared for. Being a teacher does not always seemShow MoreRelatedProfessional Development in Early Childhood Education Essay1320 Words   |  6 Pagestheir early childhood development are teacher professionals who have a passion and a genuine desire to help them learn, grow and su cceed in their education. These are just a few roles that early childhood educators plays in the field of early childhood education for working with young children in their early childhood years of life, which the requirements, most of the time, are to have both a formal education and passing teacher-certification score. The National Association for Education of YoungRead MoreIntroduction to Early Childhood Education928 Words   |  4 PagesAs a parent choosing an early childhood education service can be a daunting process. There are many types to choose from, many methods and philosophies to be aware of, and a range of quality indicators to consider. This paper will identify three indicators in childcare centres that helped with my decision and relate to my personal values and beliefs associated with early childhood education. The first indicator is an effective and relevant curriculum and how it is applied into the policyRead MoreDiversity and Difference in Early Childhood Essay1148 Words   |  5 PagesTOPIC: Diversity and Difference in Early Childhood Education Personal interest: My first awareness of racial identity and diversity occurred when I was in Year 3. Having being raised acknowledging acceptance of people of racial or cultural difference my thoughts of children of colour were positive and impartial. However, one day a boy in my class of Sri Lankan descent got into trouble with another student, but only the Sri Lankan boy was asked to go to the principal’s office. During our lunchRead MoreFor The Past Two Decades, Canadian Population Is Increasingly1439 Words   |  6 PagesTherefore, early childhood education is responsible to create multicultural practices that benefits young children to their cognitive and social developments, and protects them from bias and discrimination. Multicultural education provides enormous merits to children social and emotional developments. Firstly, teaching multicultural diversity is one way to build children’s self confidence and skills. In the early ages, children need to be taught about the feeling of trust in their own personal abilitiesRead MorePhilosophy of Early Childhood Essay854 Words   |  4 PagesA personal philosophy of Early childhood Education My philosophy of Early childhood education is based on research that indicates that a child’s growth is developmental. Every child is unique in terms of life experiences, developmental readiness, and cultural heritage. A high quality early childhood program that provides a safe and nurturing environment, which promotes physical, social, emotional, language and cognitive development will ensure a positive continuation of the child’s education processRead MoreInternational Perspectives on Early Childhood Education1070 Words   |  4 PagesAn increased awareness of the implications of quality experiences in the early years has resulted in a growing interest in early childhood education. Subsequently, this has generated an interest in differing examples of early childhood curriculums. The following essay will critique the international approach, Te Whà £riki and compare the New Zealand educational system to the Early Years Foundation Stage Curriculum of the United Kingdom. The essay will include reflection upon the similaritiesRead MoreDevelopment Of Exceptional And Special Needs Children Essay1672 Words   |  7 PagesThe early childhood sector is increasing rapidly across the Caribbean. Some of these centres just came about in an ad hoc manner due to the demand for day care services; recognising how important early childhood development is, governments and other officials are being faced with the task of ensuring that quality early childhood education is provided. This essay seeks to discuss teachers’ expectations, sensitivities, priorities and values that contribute to the quality of all pupils learning andRead MoreIdentification and Description of the Influences and Discourses Surrounding the Development of Different Educational Curricula1361 Words   |  6 Pages1) Identify and describe the influences and discourses surrounding the development of each curriculum statement. †¢ Australia – the Australian Curriculum (ACARA, 2014) and EYLF (DEEWR, 2009) In 2008, Australia saw its educational framework altered and transformed by the Melbourne Declaration on Educational Goals for Young Australians (MCEETYA, 2008). With its two underpinning goals (MCEETYA, 2008): 1) â€Å"Australian schooling promotes equity and excellence† and 2) â€Å"All young Australians become successfulRead MoreThe Primary Limitation Of Leadership1586 Words   |  7 PagesModels of leadership help early childhood educator to understand the factors, which highlight effective leadership. A model is a significance framework for categorizing required features or factors. It also oversimplifies a very complex idea that can be supportive for understanding important components and believed factors (Rodd, 2013). Leadership is nothing but the capability to influence people towards the achievement of goals. The leadership qualities come from personal sources, which are not asRead MoreProgram Planning in Early Childhood Education Essay1553 Words   |  7 PagesPr ogramme planning is a vital sector in diverse early childhood education (ECE) service to provide quality education and care for young children. There are many ways we could plan things. The planning will link to the document of desirable of objectives (DOPs), Te Whariki and the licensing criteria which provide by the government. Planning in ECE cycle has no beginning and no end; it is a continued cycle day after day, week after week and year after year. Play is basic element to learn and develop

Negligence On The Part Of Mac Tools-Free-Sample for Students

Question: Advise Mactools Ltd as to its legal Position citing relevant legal Authority. Answer: Issue The question to determined respect to the given scenario is whether provisions of negligence as provided by law of torts along with the provisions of the Australian consumer law as provided through scheduled 2 of the competition and consumer Act 2010 create a legal liability for MacTools Ltd. Rules The rules provided by common law with respect to the tort of negligence along with the Australian consumer law is used to determine the liability of a manufacturer in Australia. As provided by the principles of common law any harm cost to a buyer for user of a goods manufactured by a manufacturer is the responsibility of such manufacturer. The principal was provided through the landmark case of Donoghue vs Stevenson 1932 AC 522. Only when a person alleged of owing a duty of care can reasonably foresee an injury to be caused to some other person through their actions can a actual duty of care exist. Usually the force ability test is used to identify whether a duty of care is vested in a person or not. That test was used in the case of Chapman vs Hearse 1961 106 CLR 112. However with changing legal principles in Australia at present only those principles which have been pre determined through cases are used to identify the existence of a duty of care. It is an already established principal in Australia that a manufacturer owes a duty of care to a consumer who uses its goods. If the duty of their food by the manufacturer is violated a claim against him is established. As provided by the case of Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v TPG Internet Pty Ltd[2013] HCA 54 the inability of a manufacturer to act in specific circumstances in the same way as a reasonable person would have what the breach of consumer guarantees by the manufacturer is educate to initiate that the existing duty of care has been breached by the manufacturer. The Civil liability Act 2002 NSW states that a standard of care which has to be observed by a person towards another is determined through the analysis of four elements which include the degree seriousness involved in the injury, the onus of taking precautions, the probability of the injury in case the due care is not observed and the social needs of the activity. The actual Harm which the plaintiffs suffers is signified through the concept of causation. It was provided by the judges through the case of Caltex Oil (Australia) Pty Ltd v The Dredge Willemstedt (1976) 136 CLR 529 that in most of the cases where pure economic loss is not involved the real cause of the injury is the breach of the duty or not can be analysed by applying the but for test although there are various other tests available for matters of a more Complex nature. The test determines causation by analysing that if the defendant had been reasonable towards his duties then the harm would have still been caused or not. Along with the primary three elements needed to establish negligence the concept of foreseeability or remoteness is also used by the courts to determine duty of care. The defendant is usually not considered to be liable to any damages if the court comes to the conclusion that the injuries suffered by the plaintiff was to remote to make the defendant liable although if it is established that the defendant has committed negligence. The test which is used to determine whether a event was to remote to be compensated or not is known as the excel test. The test had been stopped to be used after the Vagabond number one case however in Australia the case is still used with a few modifications such as in the case of Nadar vs urban transit authority of NSW 1985 2 NSWLR 501. In Australia contributory negligence commonly arises when it can be identified that the person to whom the injury was caused was negligent himself towards causing the injury. Historically when the concept of contributory negligence arise the courts used to cancel the whole claim of negligence and provide relief to the defendant because of the negligent action of the defendant. However presently the whole claim is not defeated because of contributory negligence rather the court analyses how much negligence was contributed towards the heart by the plaintiff in order to find out what damages should be paid to them as in the recent case of Maureen Townsend v Phillip ODonnell [2016] NSWCA 288 the concept had been used in Australia where the court only provided 60% of the compensation to the plaintiff. Another case in Australia main damages the proportionate it because of contributory negligence is the case of Logar v Ambulance Service of NSW (Sydney Region) [2016] NSWDC 255. In this case the court only provided 40% of the total compensation to the plaintiff. Application In Australia already established principles are used to determine the liability in negligence. MacTools ltd who are the manufacturers of the drill will automatically have a duty of care to any individual who uses or purchase the drill. In the present scenario Aurora who was provided the drill by Maulan who actually purchased it from MacTools for use, thus Aurora is entitled to be owed with a duty of care by MacTools. As provided in the scenario there was as little as 1% chance that there would be problems with the drill if it is used for a period of more than 5 minutes. However given the amount of injury which could result out of the use of drill in case they did not know about such facts a reasonable person should have informed the plaintiff about the chances of malfunction. However such actions were not undertaken by MacTools as they would have incur loss if they had to recall the drill. They would have been no injury Cause to Aurora if such simple instructions of not using the drill for a elongated period would have been passed to them for the drill would have been taken back for repairs. Therefore it is proved beyond reasonable doubt that MacTools can be charged for negligence. On the other hand, clear instructions are provided through the drill, that any person who uses the grill must ensure the safety his eyes by wearing protective goggles. As this information was not read by Morgan he was not able to provide this information to Arora as a result Arora got injured by not using the protective goggles. Therefore in such circumstances it can be provided that Aurora herself was negligent towards her own safety and contributed to the harm. In such situations the compensation to be paid to her would be adjusted based on the principles of contributory negligence. Another person Jessica who was a glass artist had incurred financial losses as the malfunction of the drill caused problems to the electric line and a glass structure which she was designing got damaged. According to the principles of remoteness only the initial harm is entitled to be compensated. Therefore no legal liability exist for MacTools towards Jessica. Conclusion There is negligence on the part of Mac tools There is contributory negligence on the part of Arora No legal liability exist with respect to Jessica. References Australian Competition and Consumer Commission v TPG Internet Pty Ltd[2013] HCA 54 Caltex Oil (Australia) Pty Ltd v The Dredge Willemstedt (1976) 136 CLR 529 Chapman v Hearse (1961) 106 CLR 112 Civil Liability Act 2002 (NSW) Donoghue vs Stevenson 1932 AC 522. Logar v Ambulance Service of NSW (Sydney Region) [2016] NSWDC 255 Maureen Townsend v Phillip ODonnell [2016] NSWCA 288.

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Inductive and Deductive Agruments free essay sample

This class uses this definition of â€Å"argument† to determine how to build a position on certain subjects, and reasoning to convince others to accept the final claim or conclusion (Hurley, P. A Concise Introduction to Logic  11/e, 2012, 2). If  more logical arguments were presented, there might be  fewer non-logical arguments or nonarguments. This gets to the main subject of comparing and contrasting inductive and deductive arguments. Statements can be considered arguments or nonarguments. Arguments can be either inductive or deductive. An argument leads to a conclusion led by a premise or premises. The premises can be true or false, in which case will change a deductive argument from sound to unsound and vice versa. The same is true for inductive arguments but the wording is cogent or uncogent. These arguments also have a terminology that describes them even further. A deductive argument can be valid or invalid, and an inductive argument can be strong or weak. We will write a custom essay sample on Inductive and Deductive Agruments or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Some of the biggest difference between the two includes; that an inductive argument includes new information into the argument to make the final conclusion, deductive arguments use repeating information to get to a conclusion, and wording (Smith, Mathew 2012, Logical Argument). The subject of what constitutes as an argument, it needs to consist of one or more premises and a conclusion (Hurley, P. A Concise Introduction to Logic   11/e, 2012, 14). When the premises present high-quality reasons to accept the conclusion it is stated that it is an argument. If the premises fail to support the conclusion it is still considered an argument as it has a premise and a conclusion. Being an argument does not always make the conclusion  true; that only predetermines that the conclusion follows from the premises. If  the premises are reasonable, and the final claim relates to the premises, the conclusion is very likely to be true (Hurley, 16). In other words, it is necessary for a statement to have a premise and a conclusion to be recognized as an argument in this Logic class. The argument needs to be checked if the premises are true or reasonable to  believe, and if the statements are clear. If all this is the case, it is a logical argument. If there logical argument that is deductive it is called sound. If there is a logical argument that is inductive it is called cogent. In a  deductive  argument, a person states that the conclusion must be correct  if, and only if, the premises are true. If the premises support the final claim, it is a  valid  argument: 1. Dogs have whiskers. 2. Animals with whiskers are mammals. C. Dogs are mammals. This is a deductive argument that is valid and has true premises it is called a  sound  argument. If the premises are false but the conclusion is true it is considered an unsound argument. This is a valid argument, but it is unsound. Here is an example. 1. All birds can fly. 2. A penguin is a bird. C. A penguin can fly. This is a valid argument because the premises support the conclusion, but a penguin clearly cannot fly. The premise all birds can fly is false making it an unsound argument. If a deductive argument has bad or incorrect logic, the premises do not support the conclusion even if the premises are true, the argument is  invalid. 1. All humans are mammals. 2. Mike’s dog is a mammal. C. Mike’s dog is a human. 1. When Tim takes a shower, Tim gets wet. 2. Tim is wet. C. Tim must have taken a shower. Both conclusions are false: Mike’s dog, clearly, is not a human, and Tim could have just fallen in a ditch, or even was sprayed by a water gun. These examples show that truth of the premises is irrelevant for the validity of an argument and that validity relies solely on the logical form and if the premises support the conclusion. When a deductive argument has false premises and a true conclusion or if it has true premises but bad logic, the argument is flawed and we should reject its conclusion. It is unsound. If a deductive argument is clear, valid  and has all true premises, it is a valid sound  argument and there is a reason to accept its conclusion. In an  inductive  argument, a person claims that the conclusion is true and it is highly likely if the premises are true. If an inductive argument is logical, we call it a  strong  argument. If an inductive argument has bad or incorrect logic, the argument is  weak. Here are a few examples: 1. Most students at a community college live within a 20 mile radius of the campus. 2. OJC is a community college. 3. Kurt is a student at OJC. C. He must live within a 20 mile radius of OJC. This conclusion is very probable because the premises are germane to the conclusion. Only because, all of the premises are true it is a cogent argument. We may say that this argument is true. . Taylor and Ana are both students at OJC. 2. Ana is tall and so is Taylor. 3. Ana and Taylor are both 20 years old. 4. Ana majors in math, and so does Taylor. 5. Ana is on the volleyball team. C. Taylor must be on the team, too. This conclusion comes from outer space, nowhere. There are no premises that pertain to our conclusion, except maybe that Ana and Taylor are both tall. This makes it an uncogent argument. The argument says not hing about athletic abilities, which Ana probably has because she is on the volleyball team. This does not mean that Taylor is athletic and can play volleyball. In order for an inductive argument to be strong and cogent, it should have reasonable and true premises that are relevant to the conclusion. If one or more premises are false it is a weak and uncogent argument. Reasonable people should believe the conclusions of sound and strong arguments because a sound or strong argument is that it is clear or defined as free from ambiguity or vagueness, has good logic  and  true premises (The Traditional Square of Opposition,  Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy). If an argument has good logic, its conclusion must be true if all the premises are true, it is obvious that the conclusion of a sound or strong argument is true. It is obvious that any human with reason should accept the conclusion of a sound or strong argument. A few more differences between inductive and deductive arguments are the wording and the ability to use special abilities to distinguish between a good or bad logic arguments. A deductive argument states that it is impossible for the conclusion to be false given that the premises are true. These require necessary reason. An inductive argument states that it is improbable for the conclusion to be false given that the premises are true. They include probabilistic reasoning. There are key words in argument that play a key role in determining if the argument is Inductive or Deductive. A deductive argument could include different words such as necessarily, certainly, absolutely, or definitely (Hurley, P. A Concise Introduction to Logic   11/e, 2012, 33). Inductive arguments probably include words such as probably, improbable, plausible, implausible, likely, or unlikely (Hurley, 33). Deductive arguments have many different forms. These forms are usually considered a deductive argument but each can be considered on a case-by-case bases. Arguments that usually include mathematics, definitions, or syllogism are considered deductive. There are also different forms of syllogism. Categorical, hypothetical and disjunctive are three that were taught. Inductive arguments also contain different forms and those include: predictions, analogies, generalizations, authorities, signs, and casual inference. Some arguments become hard to determine which is deductive and which is inductive (Hurley, P. A Concise Introduction to Logic  11/e, 2012, 34). There is a list of steps to follow just like the order of operations in math. First, does the premise provide absolute support for the conclusion? If so this is a deductive argument. Next, if an argument has a specific deductive character or form. It is obviously deductive. The third indicator is having an inductive character or form. This would be considered an inductive argument. The fourth factor is that it could contain inductive language such as the list of words above. The next indicator is if it contains deductive language. The last factor is if the premise provides only probable support for the conclusion. It can truly be difficult to determine between inductive and deductive arguments if they are incomplete and not in a correct form (Hurley, 36). There are definitely differences between inductive and deductive arguments. The best way to determine if it is inductive or deductive is to follow the six rules. It is much easier to determine if the argument is in a correct form and logical. The wording of each is very important and their definitions of being cogent, strong, valid, or sound is a very good way of determining the type of argument. BIBLOGRAPHY Parsons, Terence 2012, the Traditional Square of Opposition. Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (http://plato. stanford. edu/entries/square/) Retrieved Feb. 2, 2013. Smith, Mathew 2012, Logical Argument, (http://www. actdu. org. au/archives/actein_site/logarg__. html) Retrieved Feb. 2 2013. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2007, Argument. (http://www. actdu. org. au/archives/actein_site/logarg__. html) Retrieved Jan. 30, 2013. Hurley, P. 2012,  A Concise Introduction to Logic 11/e. Retrieved Jan. 31, 2013.

Thursday, April 16, 2020

Master and Margarita free essay sample

Though he may have shown a little bit more of one side than the other, and there are even a few events that will have you thinking to yourself about whether the act from Professor Woland was an act of evil or really a good act that may have just come off as evil at first. I still think that Professor Woland has many great examples of both good and evil that are shown throughout the book. In The Master and Margarita, by Mikail Bulgakov there are many different examples of good and evil. I think that an obvious example of good and evil throughout the whole novel is Professor Woland.Bulgakov makes it clearly known to the reader that Professor Woland is supposed to be the devil. The first example of Professor Woland being the devil is when he predicts the way that Berlioz will die. He says that Berlioz will get his head cut off by a train and a few more pages into the book, Berlioz actually does get his head cut off by a train. We will write a custom essay sample on Master and Margarita or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page After this happens, Ivan is very confused and really starts to wonder about the man he knew as Professor Woland. There are still many more examples in the book that prove that make it very evident that the character, Professor Woland, is supposed to be the devil.It seems as if Professor Woland can control anything that he wants to but just chooses to do the wrong thing for the most part. This theme shown by Professor Woland will be shown very many times in this essay. There are some parts in the story where Professor Woland chooses to do the right thing with his powers to control what he wants. The main example that I can think of where Professor Woland uses his power, and it benefits someone besides himself is when he was able to recover the Master’s writing from its ashes after it had been burned by the Master.This benefitted the Master greatly because had Professor Woland not recovered the story from the ashes then the Master never would have been able to get it back and everything that he had already written would have been lost forever. This ends up being a very crucial part in the book. This example shows that there are sometimes where Professor Woland would use his power for good instead of evil. He could have just not helped the Master at all, and he would have just been left with a pile of ashes that used to be his story. Even though this did help Professor Woland, it still had a positive impact on the Master.Had Professor Woland always used his powers for good instead of evil, he would have been able to great things for people throughout the novel. Another example of how Professor Woland does evil in the novel is how he manipulates Likhodeyev so that Professor Woland can have seven performances of black magic at his theatre. Likhodeyev wakes up, and feels very hung over. Professor Woland is standing right there with a piece of paper that has Likhodeyev’s signature on it, stating that Professor Woland may do his performances at Likhodeyev’s theatre.Likhodeyev does not remember signing this at all. Even though he does not remember, he still feels like he must let him do the performances because his signature is on the contract. This is a great example of Professor Woland doing evil because he has manipulated LIkhodeyev. He has definitely not used his power for good in this example. So far throughout my essay, it seems as if most of what Professor Woland does in the book is evil, but there are still some more parts where he uses his power to help out other people.There is an event in the novel where Professor Woland shows both good and evil qualities. This event is Satan’s ball. The ball is full of famous and evil people and Margarita is the hostess. So far this seems like Professor Woland has not done anything wrong yet. The end of the ball is where he does his evil. The ball is where the murder of Baron Maigel takes place. Obviously this is a very evil thing to do because he has taken the life of another person. In my opinion, causing death to someone else is the ultimate evil that one can do.Even though this is a very evil thing to do, Professor Woland still ended up having a good act that helps someone besides himself. The good that Professor Woland does in this event is when he lets Margarita have one wish because she was the hostess of the ball. Her wish is to be with the Master and soon after she makes her wish, Professor Woland makes sure that the Master is right there with her. I think that this is a good thing that Professor Woland did because he got to give Margarita something that she wanted and something that would make her happier.Things like this are what I think Professor Woland should always be using his powers for. Professor Woland also gives everyone their lives back that they wanted, if they wanted to be switched back. Everyone did except for Natasha. This is another good deed that Professor Woland did because he is using his powers to give people what they would like and making them happier. The fact that he did not have to do this but did any way, makes it a good thing that Professor Woland did. One of the main topics from the novel that poses a great example of the theme â€Å"Good Vs.Evil†, is where Professor Woland tries to convey to people that there really is a God and Devil. Many people in the book do not believe in God or the Devil and Professor Woland wants everyone to believe in both of them. I think that this example could be interpreted as both good and/or evil, depending on how you look at it. A good thing about it is that he wants people to believe in God. I guess I am a little bit biased because I am a firm believer that both God and the Devil really do exist. The evil that I see in this is the way that he goes about doing this.In order for Professor Woland to get people to believe him he sometimes has to take the life of other people. I definitely do think that it is a good thing that he wants people to believe in both of them but I do not believe that it is important enough to kill someone over it. The Master could believe that this is a completely good thing because Professor Woland is backing up the Master. Berlioz says that the Master describes God as being too real in his story and this is where Professor Woland comes in and begins to talk about how real God and the Devil really are.As shown in this essay, there are many signs of both good and evil in The Master and Margarita, by Mikail Bulgakov. While there are very clear examples of good and very clear examples of evil, there are still some that are just for the reader to interpret. There were probably a few different characters that I could have used to show the good and evil in the story but I felt that Professor Woland was a perfect character to use to convey the theme, â€Å"Good Vs. Evil†. I felt that Professor Woland fit the criteria for good and evil perfectly.He was the source of much of the good and evil that was shown throughout the book. As for the argument of â€Å"Good Vs. Evil† though, I believe that evil was shown more in this novel. Yes, there were some clear signs of good but it just seemed to me that there was much more evil shown in the book. For the most part, it kind of seemed like the evil usually over took the good. What I mean by this, is if there were something good that Professor Woland did, he usually would have something evil done to someone in the near future.Most of the time, his evil act that followed the good act would be much more severe than the good act that he had just done. Not only was Woland evil in the novel but many of the other characters did some things that definitely had a little bit of evil in them. Had I used every example of good and evil from the novel, the list would have gone on, and on, and on. So, just sticking with Professor Woland in this Essay seemed to have worked out pretty well.

Wednesday, April 15, 2020

Some Tips For Writing Better Essays

Some Tips For Writing Better EssaysAre you an English or Gre sample argument essay student? Do you find that your essays don't appear to be writing to the test? You're not alone. You are certainly not alone in looking for ways to improve your English or GRE sample essay.Many people do not have writing skills, and they find that there are essays which are not easy for them to write, and even harder to revise and improve upon. They make huge mistakes when doing so. This is unfortunate, as many potential students are losing out because of this. It is the responsibility of English and GRE sample essay teachers to take care of these students' shortcomings, and to help them learn to write and revise essays properly.It can be extremely beneficial for you to become more familiar with how to write essays. Even if you are an ESL or GRE sample argument essay student, it is always a good idea to be able to write essays with more confidence and clarity. There are many ways that you can start writ ing better essays. One of the best ways that you can try is to read more essays from other students, and begin to research the types of questions that they ask and write answers to those questions. Some writing tips that are offered for this purpose include looking for and noting down helpful questions to help you with your research.Also, it is important for you to know what you are supposed to write in order to get a good score on your GRE or English and GRE test. One of the things that is a part of this test is what to write about. If you can learn what is expected of you, then you will be able to write better essays in general.You can also take steps to writing better essays by studying essays that are written by other students who did not make it to college. Some essays may be completely different from your own in terms of the style and tone. However, even though they were written by another student, they should be valuable nonetheless. Take the time to find a few essays that yo u find particularly interesting, and analyze them to see if they provide a model for you to follow.Another tip for students of English and GRE test-taking is to take some writing practice. Write an essay on your own, but copy the assignment of a friend or someone who has more experience in writing. Go through the essay and determine whether you understand it, and if you understand it, how it applies to your coursework and to your current personal situation. Copy the essay and change it in small ways until you know exactly what you have to do in your essay to pass the test.One last piece of advice for students of English and GRE sample argument essay is to look at the entire essay for its consistency of what is expected of you. Also, try to remember that the essay is designed to be an evaluation of your capability in writing an essay. If the essay does not meet this standard, then you may want to rethink your strategy for succeeding in this examination. No one wants to pass this test without having written an essay that makes sense.With all of the difficult things to write about in this type of essay, it is best to consider the advice from English and GRE sample argument essay, and do your best to prepare yourself. If you can use the tips that are offered here, then you should succeed on your exam.

Friday, March 13, 2020

Learn VBA Macro Coding Word 2007

Learn VBA Macro Coding Word 2007 The goal of this course is to help people who have never written a program before learn to write one. Theres no reason why office workers, homemakers, professional engineers and pizza delivery persons shouldnt be able to take advantage of their own hand crafted custom computer programs to work faster and smarter. It shouldnt take a professional programmer (whatever that is) to do the job. You know what needs to be done better than anyone else. You can do it yourself! (And I say this as someone who has spent many years writing programs for other people ... professionally.) With that said, this is not a course in how to use a computer. This course assumes that you know how to use popular software and in particular, that you have Microsoft Word 2007 installed on your computer. You should know basic computer skills like how to create file folders (that is, directories) and how to move and copy files. But if youve always wondered what a computer program actually was, thats OK. Well show you. Microsoft Office isnt cheap. But you can get more value from that expensive software you already have installed. Thats a big reason we use Visual Basic for Applications, or VBA, along with Microsoft Office. There are millions who have it and a handful (maybe no one) who uses everything it can do. Before we go any further, however, I need to explain one more thing about VBA. In February 2002, Microsoft made a 300 billion dollar bet on a totally new technology base for their entire company. They called it .NET. Since then, Microsoft has been moving their entire technology base into VB.NET. VBA is the very last programming tool that still uses VB6, the tried and true technology that was used before VB.NET. (Youll see the phrase COM based to describe this VB6 level technology.) VSTO and VBA Microsoft has created a way to write VB.NET programs for Office 2007. Its called Visual Studio Tools for Office (VSTO). The problem with VSTO is that you have to buy and learn to use Visual Studio Professional.  Excel itself is still COM based too and .NET programs have to work with Excel through an interface (called the PIA, Primary Interop Assembly). So ... until Microsoft gets their act together and gives you a way to write programs that will work with Word and doesnt make you join the IT department, VBA macros are still the way to go. Another reason we use VBA is that it really is a fully baked (not half baked) software development environment that has been used for years by programmers to create some of the most sophisticated systems in existence. It doesnt matter how high your programming sights are set. Visual Basic has the power to take you there. What is a macro? You may have used desktop applications that support what is called a macro language before. Macros are traditionally just scripts of keyboard actions grouped together with one name so you can execute them all at once. If you always start the day by opening your MyDiary document, entering todays date, and typing the words, Dear Diary, Why not let your computer do that for you? To be consistent with other software, Microsoft calls VBA a macro language too. But its not. Its much more. Many desktop applications include a software tool that will let you record a keystroke macro. In Microsoft applications, this tool is called the Macro Recorder, but the result is not a traditional keystroke macro. Its a VBA program and the difference is that it does not simply replay the keystrokes. A VBA program gives you the same end result if possible, but you can also write sophisticated systems in VBA that leave simple keyboard macros in the dust. For example, you can use Excel functions in Word using VBA. And you can integrate VBA with other systems like databases, the web, or other software applications. Although the VBA Macro Recorder is very useful for simply creating simple keyboard macros, programmers have discovered that its even more useful to give them a running start in more sophisticated programs. Thats what were going to do. Start Microsoft Word 2007 with a blank document and get ready to write a program. The Developer tab in Word One of the first things that you have to do to write Visual Basic program in Word 2007 is find Visual Basic! The default in Word 2007 is to not display the ribbon that is used. To add the Developer tab, first click the Office button (the logo in the upper left corner) and then click Word Options. Click Show Developer tab in the Ribbon and then click OK. When you click the Developer tab, you have a whole new set of tools used to write VBA programs. Were going to use the VBA Macro Recorder to create your first program. (If the ribbon with all your tools keeps disappearing, you might want to right-click the ribbon and make sure Minimize the Ribbon is not checked.) Click Record Macro. Name your macro: AboutVB1 by typing that name in the Macro Name textbox. Select your current document as the location to store your macro and click OK. See the example below. (Note: If you pick All Documents (Normal.dotm) from the drop down menu, this test VBA program will, in effect, become a part of Word itself because it will then become available for every document you create in Word. If you only want to use a VBA macro in a specific document, or if you want to be able to send it to someone else, its a better idea to save the macro as part of the document. Normal.dotm is the default so you must change it.) With the Macro Recorder turned on, type the text, Hello World. into your Word document. (The mouse pointer will change into a miniature picture of a tape cartridge to show that keystrokes are being recorded.) (Note: Hello World is almost required for a First Program because the very first programming manual for the early computer language C used it. Its been a tradition ever since.) Click Stop Recording. Close Word and save the document using the name: AboutVB1.docm. You have to select a Word Macro-Enabled Document from the Save as Type dropdown. Thats it! You have now written a Word VBA program. Lets see what it looks like! Understanding what a VBA program is If you have closed Word, open it again and select the AboutVB1.docm file that you saved in the previous lesson. If everything was done correctly, you should see a banner at the top of your document window with a security warning. VBA and Security VBA is a real programming language. That means that VBA can do just about anything you need it to do. And that, in turn, means that if you receive a Word document with an embedded macro from some bad guy that macro can do just about anything too. So Microsofts warning is to be taken seriously. On the other hand, you wrote this macro and all it does is type Hello World so theres no risk here. Click the button to enable macros. To see what the Macro Recorder has created (as well as to do most other things that involve VBA), you need to start the Visual Basic Editor. Theres an icon to do that at the left side of the Developer ribbon. First, notice the left hand window. This is called the Project Explorer and it groups together the high level objects (well talk more about them) that are part of your Visual Basic project. When the Macro Recorder was started, you had a choice of the Normal template or the current document as a location for your macro. If you selected Normal, then the NewMacros module will be part of the Normal branch of the Project Explorer display. (You were supposed to select the current document. If you did select Normal,  delete the document and repeat the previous instructions.) Select NewMacros under Modules in your current project. If there still isnt any code window displayed, click Code under the View menu. The Word document as a VBA container Every Visual Basic program must be in some kind of file container. In the case of Word 2007 VBA macros, that container is a (.docm) Word document. Word VBA programs cant run without Word and you cant create standalone (.exe) Visual Basic programs like you can with Visual Basic 6 or Visual Basic .NET. But that still leaves a whole world of things you can do. Your first program is certainly short and sweet, but it will serve to introduce the major features of VBA and the Visual Basic Editor. The program source will normally consist of a series of subroutines. When you graduate to more advanced programming, youll discover that other things can be part of the program besides subroutines. This particular subroutine is named AboutVB1. The subroutine header must be paired with an End Sub at the bottom. The parenthesis can hold a parameter list consisting of values being passed to the subroutine. Nothing is being passed here, but they have to be there in the Sub statement anyway. Later, when we run the macro, we will look for the name  AboutVB1. There is only one actual program statement in the subroutine: Selection.TypeText Text:Hello World! Objects, methods and properties This statement contains the big three: an objecta methoda property The statement actually adds the text Hello World. to the contents of the current document. The next task is to run our program a few times. Just like buying a car, its a good idea to drive it around for a while until it feels a little bit comfortable. We do that next. Programs and documents We have our glorious and complicated system ... consisting of one program statement ... but now we want to run it. Heres what thats all about. Theres one concept to be learned here that is very important and it often really confuses first timers: the difference between the program and the document. This concept is foundational. VBA programs have to be contained in a host file. In Word, the host is the document. In our example, thats AboutVB1.docm. The program is actually saved inside the document. For example, if this was Excel, we would be talking about the program and the spreadsheet. In Access, the program and the database. Even in standalone Visual Basic Windows application, we would have a program and a form. (Note: There is a trend in programming to refer to all high level containers as a document. This is specifically the case when XML ... another up and coming technology ... is being used. Dont let it confuse you. Although its a slight inaccuracy, you can think of documents as being roughly the same as files.) There are ... ummmmm .... about three main ways to run your VBA macro. You can run it from the Word Document.(Note: Two subcategories are to select Macros from the Tools menu or just press Alt-F8. If you have assigned the macro to a Toolbar or Keyboard shortcut, thats one more way.))You can run it from the Editor using the Run icon or Run menu.You can single-step through the program in debug mode. You should try every one of these methods just to become comfortable with the Word/VBA interface. When you finish, you will have a whole document filled with repeats of Hello World! Running the program from Word is fairly easy to do. Just select the macro after clicking the Macro icon under the View tab. To run it from the Editor, first open the Visual Basic editor and then either click the Run icon or select Run from the menu. Heres where the difference between the Document and the Program might become confusing to some. If you have the document minimized or perhaps have your windows arranged so the editor is covering it, you can click the Run icon over and over and nothing seems to happen. But the program is running! Switch to the document again and see. Single stepping through the program is probably the most useful problem solving technique. This is also done from the Visual Basic editor. To try this out, press F8 or select Step Into from the Debug menu. The first statement in the program, the Sub statement, is highlighted. Pressing F8 executes the program statements one at a time until the program ends. You can see exactly when the text is added to the document this way. There are a lot of more refined debugging techniques such as Breakpoints, examining program objects in the Immediate Window, and the use of the Watch Window. But for now, simply be aware that this is a primary debugging technique you will use as a programmer. Object Oriented Programming The next class lesson is all about Object Oriented Programming. Whaaaattttt! (I hear you moaning) I just want to write programs. I didnt sign up to be a computer scientist! Fear Not! There are two reasons why this is a great move. First, in todays programming environment, you simply cant be an effective programmer without understanding object oriented programming concepts. Even our very simple one-line Hello World program consisted of an object, a method, and a property. In my opinion, not understanding objects is the biggest single problem beginning programmers have. So were going to confront the beast right up front! Second, were going to make this as painless as possible. Were not going to confuse you with a load of computer science jargon. But right after that, were going to jump right back into writing programming code with a lesson where we develop a VBA macro that you can probably use! We perfect that program a little more in the next lesson and finish up by showing you how to start using VBA with several applications at one time.